Franklin Pierce
Democratic. Politician. Brigadier General. Bowdoin College. Northampton Law School
1855, Henry Bessemer invented a process to create steel from iron which produced steel cheaply and efficiently.[3]
1855, Additional conflicts with Native American erupted with the Yakima War (1855–1858), the Puget Sound War (1855–1856) and the Third Seminole War (1855–1858).[3]
October 1854, The Ostend Manifesto a secret document (Pierre Soule driving force / James Buchanan belived to have authored the document) proposing the annexation of Cuba from Spain by proslavery diplomats that led to huge controversy between the northern and southern states.[3] (Search mind map … Spanish - American War)
1854 to 1861, Bleeding Kansas - A series of violent events involving abolitionists and pro-Slavery factions that took place in Kansas Territory.[3]
1854, Popular Sovereignty and Slavery was used a pre-Civil War political doctrine.[3]
30 May 1854, The Kansas- Nebraska Act in which newly formed territories could decide whether slavery would be allowed in their new state when they applied for statehood.[3]
31 March 1854, Commodore Matthew Perry negotiates the Treaty of Kanagawa that opens US trade with Japan.[3]
28 Feb 1854, The Black Warrior Affair (involving an American Merchant ship in Havana, Cuba), inflamed diplomatic relationships between the United States and Spain[3]
1854 to 1980, The Sioux Wars break out in South Dakota, Minnesota and Wyoming. Their leaders included Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull.[3]
13 Feb 1854, Matthew Perry arrives in Japan.[3]
30 Dec 1853, The Gadsden Purchase, negotiated by James Gadsden, is signed in which the United States acquires more than 30,000 sq. miles of new territory in southwest Arizona and New Mexico for $10 million.[3]
1853, American inventor Elisha Otis established a company for manufacturing elevators.
1853, The Walker War (1853–1854) with the Ute Indians erupts in Utah over slavery among the Native Indians. Wakara (Walker) leads the Utes in a series of raids on Mormon settlements.
1853, The Apache Wars (1849-1924) continued
6 Jan 1853, Pierce’s son killed. Two months before taking office as President, Franklin Pierce and his family are struck by tragedy. A train wreck kills the Pierces’ eleven-year-old son, Benjamin, the only surviving child of his marriage. Jane Pierce, already unhappy with the prospect of moving to Washington, interprets the death as a condemnation of her husband’s decision to be President and becomes a recluse. President Pierce, meanwhile, is grief and guilt-stricken when he enters office.[2]
4 Mar 1853 to 4 Mar 1857 - 14th President of the United States (VP: William R. King Mar-Apr 1853. None 1853 to 1857)
4 Mar 1837 to 28 Feb 1842 - United States Senator from New Hampshire
4 Mar 1833 to 3 Mar 1837 - Member of the U.S House of Representatives from New Hampshire’s at-large district
Died 8 Oct 1869, from . Age 64.
Note: The hidden hand.
Note: Having easily defeated the Whig Party with his running mate William R King, the death of King (45 days later and not replacing him) and the Kansas-Nebraska Act seemed to seal his political fate.
Skull and Bones / Others / Related - to be completed
Henry Rootes Jackson (S&B 1839)
1854 to 1858 - U.S. Minister to the Austrian Empire
Donald Grant Mitchell (S&B 1841)
1853 to 1854 - U.S. Consul in Venice [Italy]
Allen Ferdinand Owen (S&B 1837)
1851 - U.S. Consul in Havana, Cuba [Spain]
[1] - Whitehouse.gov - Franklin Pierce
[2] - Millcenter.org - Franklin Pierce
[3] - Presidential-power.org - Franklin Pierce
[4] - Britannica.com - Franklin Pierce
[5] - FYI - Wiki - Franklin Pierce
[6]
14th President: Pierce was a confirmed Mason.1 Mackey’s Encyclopedia of Freemasonry reports that Pierce “has been claimed as a Freemason, but asserted there was no record of it…” He was favorable to the craft.2 He was a cousin to Presidents James Garfield and Grover Cleveland and Benjamin Harrison.3 August Belmont, the U.S. representative of Britain’s Rothschild banks, paid for Pierce’s 1852 election campaign. Though this blatant foreign intrusion caused a flare-up of resentment among the voters, Pierce was elected and his foreign and domestic backers took over. Caleb Cushing became U.S. Attorney General. Jefferson Davis became Secretary of War. Banker August Belmont became ambassador to Holland.41 Masonic Edition, Holy Bible 1951 ed.2 Mackey, The Encyclopedia of Freemasonry3 Wilson, Robert Anton, Everything is Under Control, p. 394 Chaitkin, Anton, The Scottish Rite’s KKK project
[7] - Find a Grave - Franklin Pierce
[8] - FYI - Wiki - Ostend Manifesto
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